The Carat Standard · Diamond Academy

Reports · Chapter 04

What a grading report does—and does not do

How to read identity, quality, proportions, comments, and laboratory limits in the right order.

A grading report is a disciplined record of a loose diamond at a point in time. It is useful precisely because its purpose is narrower than a sales pitch or an appraisal.

Begin with identity

Check the issuing laboratory, report number, report date, origin description, shape, carat weight, and measurements. If the girdle carries a report-number inscription, it can help connect the physical stone to the document, but the number and details should still be verified with the laboratory.

Read the quality results together

Color, clarity, and finish grades describe different observations. A cut grade, when the report provides one, has its own scope. Similar labels from different laboratories should not be assumed to use identical standards or report formats.

The proportion diagram is a map, not a verdict

The diagram records measurements and facet relationships such as table, total depth, crown, pavilion, girdle, and culet. Those values can screen for promising combinations, but they do not reproduce facet precision, transparency, or the full face-up pattern.

The clarity plot is approximate

Plotting symbols show the type and approximate position of selected characteristics. Not every feature is necessarily plotted, and comments may carry important information about characteristics, treatments, or inscriptions not fully represented elsewhere.

Verify at the issuing laboratory

Use the laboratory’s official report-check service and compare the archived information with the document and seller’s description. A matching number alone is not enough if carat, measurements, grades, or inscription details do not correspond.

Know where the paper ends

A grading report is not a guarantee, valuation, insurance appraisal, beauty certificate, or promise of durability. Videos, in-person viewing, setting design, seller terms, and independent professional advice answer different questions.

Worth remembering: The report establishes a common language; it does not make the decision.

Essential language

Grading report
A laboratory document describing a gem’s identity and quality characteristics.
Report check
An issuing laboratory’s service for verifying archived report information.
Plot
A diagram showing selected clarity characteristics and their approximate locations.
Inscription
Letters or numbers placed microscopically on the girdle.
Finish
Craftsmanship characteristics commonly reported as polish and symmetry.

Questions to take with you

  • Does the official report-check record match every important detail on the document?
  • Are origin and any treatments stated clearly?
  • What appears in the comments or inscription fields?
  • Which questions about appearance or condition still require imagery or inspection?

Further reading